Sun
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Wherever light appears, we have the reflected back gifts of the spirits of wisdom through the Archangeloi. Radiating back the creative-giving virtue-deed.
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The body of Saturn consisted of heat substance alone. During solar evolution this heat substance condenses to the state which one can compare with present day gas or steam. It is that state which can be called "air." The first beginnings of such a state appear after the "spirits of movement" have begun their activity. Wherever there is air in the world, there are the deeds of the giving spirits of wisdom behind it. Creative-giving virtue deed!
* The gas appears to supersensible consciousness through light effects, which it emits. One could also speak of light figures, which present themselves to spiritual sight.
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The human germ first appears on the newly formed sun as what it has become on Saturn. It must first transform the various stages of development which it went through on Saturn in such a way that they fit the conditions on the sun. The solar epoch therefore begins with a repetition of the Saturn stages, but with adaptation to the changed conditions of solar life.
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The physical body already formed on Saturn in the germinal stage is raised to a second stage of perfection by becoming the carrier of an etheric or life body. When the "spirits of wisdom" begin their influx of the life body, the previously dark solar being begins to shine. At the same time the first manifestations of inner activity appear in the germinal human being; life begins. What for Saturn had to be characterized as an illusory life, now becomes real life.
When the spirits of wisdom begin their influx of the life body, the solar body becomes clouded, so to speak. It is interspersed with formations which would actually still belong to Saturn. They are heat formations, which are not able to condense into air in an appropriate way. These are the human beings who have remained on the Saturn level. They cannot become bearers of a life body formed in a regular way.
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Then the "spirits of movement" start with their activity. They permeate the life body of the human being with their own astral body. Thereby the human being acquires the ability to execute certain inner movements in the physical body. These are movements which can be compared with the movements of the fluids in a present plant.
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Then the "spirits of movement" start with their activity. They permeate the life body of the human being with their own astral body. Thereby the human being acquires the ability to execute certain inner movements in the physical body. These are movements which can be compared with the movements of the fluids in a present plant.
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Another part of the heat substance of Saturn separates and attains an independent existence beside and between the human beings of the sun. This now forms a second kingdom alongside the human kingdom, a kingdom which forms on the sun a completely independent, but purely physical heat body.
Now, however, certain "spirits of personality" have also remained behind on the Saturn stage. These have not reached the level of humanity. Between them and the second solar kingdom, which has become independent, there is a bond of attraction. They must now behave toward the retarded kingdom on the sun in the same way as their advanced comrades did toward the human beings on Saturn. There, too, they had only formed the physical body. On the sun itself, however, there is no possibility for such work of the retarded personality spirits. They therefore leave the solar body and form an independent world body outside of it. The latter, therefore, emerges from the sun. From it the retarded "spirits of personality" work on the described beings of the second solar kingdom. Thus, two world bodies have come into being from the one which was formerly Saturn.
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On the sun itself, however, there is no possibility for such work of the remaining personality spirits. They therefore leave the solar body and form an independent world body outside of it. The latter, therefore, emerges from the sun. From it the retarded "spirits of personality" act on the described beings of the second solar kingdom. Thus two world bodies have come into being from the one which was formerly Saturn.
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The origin of the planetary seals goes back to the Munich Congress of the Theosophical Society in May 1907. For the program booklet of this congress Rudolf Steiner drew five different planetary seals, also called "vignettes" by him, one for each day of the congress, starting with Saturday - Saturn, then Sunday - Sun, Monday - Moon, Tuesday - Mars, and as last Wednesday - Mercury. Two more seals, Jupiter, and Venus were added four years later, during the design of the Stuttgart Branch House in 1911, where all the seals in the meeting room were painted in gold on a dark blue background. Rudolf Steiner, as with all his artistic works, largely refrained from a more detailed explanation of these planetary seals. They are to be understood as a pictorial-imaginative representation of the successive stages of planetary development, which reveal their meaning through meditative contemplation.
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In the course of the evolution of the sun, the human being attains a higher degree of consciousness by the integration of the etheric or life body. Before this can happen, the Saturn states must repeat themselves in the way described above. This repetition has a very definite purpose. For when the interval of rest has expired, of which there was mention in the preceding section, then that which was Saturn before emerges from the world sleep as a new world being, as the sun. But with it the conditions of the development have changed. The spiritual beings, whose work has been described for Saturn, have advanced to other states.
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The second round begins in the same spiritual way. Let us again look at the earth where it is densest. Now this state has a completely different form than before. Now it has a form, which today's physics already knows; today's physicist calls it "ether". Ether is finer than our today's gases, but denser than the earth was in the earlier round. In this very fine matter, what we call chemical elements are formed. You can find this second stage indicated in all religious books in a wonderfully beautiful way, in that it is said that the divine entities ordered everything according to measure, number and weight. What before was disordered, now ordered itself into chemical elements, and these ordered themselves by number. The chemist will understand me because he knows the regular periodic system of the elements. Thus, materials have come into certain relations of measure and number to each other, after they have assumed as matter a certain density, an ethereal form. The individual substances have at this stage still nothing to do with each other. They are strangers to each other. Only now, when the matter differentiates, we see the most wonderful forms forming, which remind us of the later ones, only they are not yet fixed: star-shaped forms, angular forms, tetrahedrons, polyhedrons, round forms and so on. There the forms are indicated, which appear later in the nature kingdoms. As in the first round the crystal forms were prepared, so now in the second round the plant kingdom is prepared. Then the whole thing subsides again; the astral and the devachanic again pass through a pralaya state and then appear again in the third round.
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For the end of the evolution of Saturn it has been shown that personality manifests itself like a machine. And as there the first germ developed into that which is also germinatal in the present man, into the "spirit man" (Atma), so here a similar first germ is formed into the "life spirit" (Buddhi).
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Life levels - rounds: see details below.
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From now on they work on the human etheric or life body together with the spirits of the personality. Through this activity this life body itself advances one step on its path of development.
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They actually look spiritually at what is happening now within the evolution of the sun. But they renounce all fruits of this contemplation, the sensation of the wise images, which arise there, and let them flow like splendid magic phenomena into the dreamlike consciousness of the "sons of life". These then work such images of their vision into the etheric body of man, so that it reaches higher and higher stages of development.
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Through this, the human being becomes capable of feeling the first traces of sympathy and antipathy toward his environment. In all this, it is not yet a real sensation, but nevertheless a precursor of sensation.
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Their effect consists in the fact that the previously constantly changing gas formations take on permanent shapes. This also happens because the spirits of form let their forces flow into and out of the living bodies of human beings. In former times, when only the spirits of movement acted upon them, the gaseous formations were in an incessant motion, retaining their shape only for a moment, but now they take on temporarily distinguishable forms.
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This is the time when the spirits of personality, who have attained their humanity stage on Saturn, ascend to a higher degree of perfection. They advance beyond this stage. They attain a consciousness which the present man on our earth has not yet attain in the regular progress of the development. He will attain it when the earth - that is, the fourth of the planetary stages of development - will have reached its goal and will have entered the following planetary period. Thereby they become able to work on the newly formed life body of the human being during the solar evolution in a similar way as they worked on the physical body on Saturn. Just as the warmth there radiated their own personality back to them, so now the gas formations radiate back to them in light in the images of their seeing consciousness.
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They rise to the level of humanity by letting their forces flow in and out of this Saturn part of the human being, as the spirits of personality did on Saturn. This also happens in the middle of the solar evolution.
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Now one has to see in everything that the "fire spirits" bring to effect in the retarded Saturn nature, the forerunners of the present sense organs of present-day humans. It has been shown how already on Saturn these "fire spirits" were busy with the elaboration of the sensory germs in the warm substance. In what is accomplished by the "spirits of personality" in association with the "spirits of love" (the seraphim), the first foundation of the present human glandular organs can be seen.
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In the human being one can observe the following during the middle of the solar evolution. It is divided into a physical body and a life body. In it the activity of the advanced "spirits of personality" takes place in connection with that of the "spirits of love". Mixed in with the physical body is a part of the Saturn nature which has remained behind.
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Now for the supersensible consciousness manifestations occur within the human being, which can be compared with taste perceptions manifest themselves outwardly as sounds. A similar thing was said already for the development of Saturn. Here on the sun all this is inward in the human being, full of independent life.
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Again, there is a lull, again the whole rises from the "world sleep", and, after it has lasted for some time, the human being is so far mature that it can now stir its own forces. These are the same forces which flowed into this human being through the "thrones" during the last period of Saturn. In an inner life this human being is now developing, which in its revelation to the consciousness can be compared to an inner perception of smell. Outwardly, however, towards the celestial space, this human being announces itself as a personality, however as such, which is not directed by an inner "I". It appears rather like a plant acting as a personality.
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Thus, we get a picture of the old sun. We think of a central position, as it were, where is united what has come over from old Saturn: the sacrificial deeds of the thrones towards the cherubim, and the spirits of wisdom immersed in the observation of these sacrificial deeds. Through the sight of these sacrificial deeds, they are induced to radiate from themselves what is their own essence: flowing, flooding wisdom as giving virtue. But this, because it is radiated through time, is sent out and sent back again, so that we have a globe, a globe inwardly illuminated by the virtue that radiates back. For we must think of the old sun as shining not outwardly but inwardly. This creates something new, which we can describe as follows. Let us think of these spirits of wisdom, sitting in the center of the sun, absorbed in the sight of the sacrificial thrones, and radiating what is their own essence, because of the sight of the sacrificing thrones, and they receive their radiating essence back because it is radiated from the surface, so that they receive it back as light. Everything is illuminated. But what do they get back from those who receive it and radiate it back? Their own being, by their giving it, became a gift to the macrocosm; there it was their inner being. Now it radiates back: their own being meets them from the outside. They see their own inner being distributed in the whole world and radiated from outside as light, as the reflection of their own being. Inner and outer are the two opposites that now confront us. The earlier and later transforms itself in such a way that it transforms itself into inner and outer. ”Space" is born! By the giving virtue of the spirits of wisdom space is born on old sun. Before, "space" can have only a figurative meaning. Now we have space, but at first only in two dimensions: not yet above and below, not yet right and left, but only outside and inside. In reality these two opposites already appear towards the end of old Saturn. They repeat themselves in their true meaning, as creating space on old sun.
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Let us focus on to this moment when the sun emerges out a common planetary relationship and henceforth sends its forces from outside to our earth. Let us hold on to the fact that at that time also the possibility was given that in the earthy the solid, what we call today in the material sense the solid, prepared itself, condensed itself as it were in the earthy. If we hold on to this moment, then we have that moment in which Genesis, the Bible, begins.
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God - Elohim
Now think of a group of spiritual entities, which have developed through Saturn, Sun and Moon, each of which can do something quite definite, and which at the moment I have characterized, make the decision: We want to group our activities to a common goal, we want to give ourselves a unified direction. - And the image of this goal appeared to each of them. And what was the goal? The human being, the earth man. The individual Elohim were such that each could do something special. Each of them was able to bring something to the common decision, to the common image, according to which they wanted to form the human being, and the human being was, as it were, only an idea, in which they could work together. There was in the work of the Elohim at first still nothing real. Reality was present only when they had created their common product. But in this work, they developed higher, they developed their unity to a reality, so that now they were not only seven, but the sevenfoldness was a whole, so that now we can speak of an Elohimness which manifests itself in sevenfold ways. This Elohimness had to be developed. It is what the Elohim have worked their way up to.
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The separation of the sun happens because higher beings, for their own development what they have to do for the earth, can no longer bear the matter compressed to water. They extract from the common mass of the earth only the substances useful for them and pull themselves out of it to form a new dwelling place for themselves in the sun. They now influence the earth from the sun, from the outside. With the separation of the sunlike, the haschamajim, the light-like has gone along. This is now outside the earth. And the elementary existence, which surges through the ha'arez as tohu wabohu, has no state of light of its own, it has only something, which one can call "being brooded by the spirit of the Elohim." But that did not make it light in itself, that left it dark in itself. If we think about the state after the separation of the sun, we have to say: The greater part of the human soul and spirit is in the circumference of the earth on the neighboring planets. The sun has already separated from the earth, but if at that time a man could have stood on the earth, he would have seen dense fog-smoke-vapor masses above the surface. Of the sun, he would have seen nothing. The sun, which was far away with its powers, only gradually affected the earth in such a way that these masses of smoke and fog cleared and gradually took the consistency for the earth's atmosphere, which was necessary for the development of mankind. And only gradually would such a man, who had looked at the development from outside, so to speak, have seen how the mists began to become lighter, how the masses of smoke became thinner, how the solar forces not only worked through the dark smoke cover, but how they became really perceptible, one might say visible.
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One will understand the sense of such a rest, of a "world sleep", if one only once directs the spiritual view on one of the mentioned kinds of beings, e.g. on the "spirits of wisdom". They were not yet so far on Saturn that they could have let an etheric body flow out of themselves there. Only by the experiences made by them on Saturn were they prepared for it. During the pause they now transform that which has only been prepared in them into real ability. Thus, on the sun, they are ready to let life flow out of themselves and to endow the human being with a life body of its own.
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When then the human phantoms have taken shape through the "spirits of the will", then the spiritual beings have also gradually withdrawn: the Saturn evolution dies off; it disappears as such. A kind of interval of rest occurs. The human germ enters a state of dissolution, but not one that would cause it to disappear, but one that is similar to that of a plant seed that rests in the earth in order to ripen into a new plant. Thus, the human germ rests in the womb of the world for a new awakening.
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If we look at Saturn and the sun in the Akashic Chronicle, we find on Saturn the origin of time, and on the sun that time also exists. If now all relations continued in such a way, as we have characterized them in the two last considerations in relation to Saturn and sun, then time would form an element for all happening in evolution. We could not think time away from any event in evolution. We have seen that the spirits of time originated on the old Saturn, and that time is implanted in everything. And everything that we have thought in pictures, in imaginations about evolution up to now, we must think ourselves in connection with time. So, if what we have been describing were all the happened: Sacrifice and giving virtue, everything would have been subject to time. Nothing would not have been subject to time. That is, everything would be subject to the coming into being and passing away, which belongs to time. Now those cherubim who have renounced the sacrifice, that which lies, as it were, in the sacrificial smoke, they have renounced it for the reason that they thereby withdraw from the properties of this sacrificial smoke. And to these qualities belongs above all time, and with it arising and passing away. In the whole renunciation of the cherubim to the sacrifice therefore lies a growing out beyond the time conditions of the cherubim. They go beyond time, withdraw themselves from being subjected to time. Thus, as it were, the relations during the old evolution of the sun separate in such a way that certain
relations, which continue in a straight line from Saturn, remain subject to time as sacrifice and giving virtue, while the other relations, which were initiated by the cherubim by the fact that these cherubim renounced the sacrifice. They wrest themselves from time and thus incorporate eternity, duration, non-subjection to coming into being and passing away. This is something most noteworthy: we come there during the old solar evolution to a separation between time and eternity. Through the resignation of the cherubim during the evolution of the sun, eternity has been attained as a characteristic of certain conditions which occurred during the evolution of the sun.
If we saw time arise on Saturn, we see certain conditions removed themselves from time during the evolution of the sun. However, I have said - I ask you to pay attention to this - that this is already preparing itself during the time of Saturn, so that eternity does not only begin during the time of the sun. But to see it clearly and distinctly, so that one can describe it in terms, is only possible during the solar time. It is so faintly recognizable on Saturn, this separation of eternity from time, that our concepts and words do not prove sharp enough to characterize it already for old Saturn and its development. Thus we have come to know the meaning of resignation, the renunciation of the gods during old solar time and the attainment of immortality.
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By the fact that now, so to speak, the giving virtue of the spirits of wisdom flows into the sacrificial warmth, which we see as the sacrificial smoke rising during the old sun, of which we have said that it is then thrown back by the archangels in the form of light from the outermost circumference of the sun. But now we see something else still, as if within the old solar space there were something else entirely: sacrificial smoke, which, however, is now not merely thrown back by the archangels in light, but which is not accepted by the cherubim. It is as if it were flowing back accumulating, so that we have accumulating sacrificial clouds in solar space: Sacrifice that ascends, Sacrifice that descends; Sacrifice that is accepted, Sacrifice that is renounced, that returns into itself. This meeting of the actual spiritual cloud formations in the old solar space we find, as it were, between what we called last time the outer and the inner, these two dimensions on the sun, like a separating layer; so that in the middle we have the sacrificial thrones, then the cherubim on high who accept the sacrifice, then such cherubim as do not accept the sacrifice but push it back. By this pushing back, as it were, a ring cloud is formed; and on the very outside we have the light masses thrown back.
In this picture we have the sacrificing thrones and the cherubim accepting the sacrifice; but we have also such cherubim, which do not accept the sacrifice, but give back again what penetrates to them as sacrifice. This is extraordinarily interesting to follow in the Akashic Chronicle. For through the fact that now, so to speak, the giving virtue of the spirits of wisdom flows into the sacrificial warmth, through this we see as rising the sacrificial smoke during the old sun, of which we have said that it is then thrown back by the archangels in the form of light from the outermost circumference of the sun. But now we see something else still, as if within the old solar space there were something else entirely: sacrificial smoke, which, however, is now not merely thrown back by the archangels in light, but which is not accepted by the cherubim. It flows back, accumulates, so that we have accumulating sacrificial clouds in the solar space: Sacrifice that ascends, Sacrifice that descends; Sacrifice that is accepted, Sacrifice that is renounced, that returns into itself. This meeting of the actual spiritual cloud formations in the old solar space we find, as it were, between what we called last time the outer and the inner, these two dimensions on the sun, like a layer of separation; so that we have in the middle the sacrificial thrones, then the cherubim on high who accept the sacrifice, then such cherubim who do not accept the sacrifice but push it back. This stagnation creates, as it were, a ring cloud; and on the very outside we have the light masses thrown back. Imagine this picture quite vividly: that we thus have this old solar space, this old solar mass, as it were a cosmic sphere, outside of which nothing is to be imagined, so that we have only to imagine the space up to the archangels. Let us further imagine that we have in the center this ring formation from the accepted and rejected sacrifices meeting each other. From these accepted and rejected sacrifices, something arises within old sun, which we can call a splitting of the whole solar substance, a separation. The sun in this ancient time can be compared with an outer figure only if we compare it with our present Saturn shape: the sphere surrounded by a ring, in that these accumulating sacrificial masses throw inward what is in the center, and what is outside is arranged like a ring mass outside. Thus, we have the solar substance separated into two parts by the power of the accumulating sacrificial forces.
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The cherubim, by what they resign, provide the remaining entities themselves with the possibility to remain behind. By the fact that a sacrifice is rejected, other entities, which do not resign, which give themselves to desires and cravings and express their desires, can seize the object of the sacrifice, the sacrificial substance, and thus have the possibility of joining the other entities as independent entities. Thus, with the passing of the development from sun to moon, with the immortalization of the cherubim, the possibility is given that other entities separate themselves in their own substantiality from the continuous development of the cherubim, in general, from the immortal entities. So, we see, as we now get to know the deeper reason of the retardation, that actually the original guilt, if we want to speak of such an original guilt, is not the fault of those who are retarded. That is the important thing that we understand. If the cherubim had accepted the sacrifices, the Luciferic entities could not have remained behind, because they would not have had the opportunity to embody themselves in this substance. So that the possibility would exist that entities become independent in this way, the renunciation occurred earlier. It is therefore arranged by the wise world guidance in such a way that the gods have created their opponents themselves. If gods had not renounced, entities could not have resisted. Or if we want to speak trivially, we can say that the gods would have foreseen, as it were: If we only create as we have done from Saturn to the sun, then free entities acting out of their arbitrariness will never arise. In order that such entities can arise, there must be the possibility that opponents arise for us in the universe, that we find resistances in that which is subject to time. If we would only order everything ourselves, we would not be able to find such resistance. We could make it very easy for ourselves by accepting all sacrifices, then all evolution would be subject to us. But we will not do that; we want beings who are free from us, who can resist. Therefore, we do not accept the sacrifice so that those entities become our opponents by our resignation and by taking the sacrifice! Thus, we see that we do not have to look for the reason of evil in the so-called evil entities, but in the so-called good entities, which only by their resignation have caused that evil has come into being through the entities, which could bring evil into the world.
If the gods had avoided evil, the world would be poor, would not be diverse. The gods had to let evil come into the world for the sake of freedom, and in return, they had to gain for themselves the power to return evil to good. This power is something that can only come as an effect from renunciation, from resignation.
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On this level, the substance is divided, and its members enter relationships with each other. One has to do there with different substances, which join and separate themselves. This region is called the region of form.
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The Seven Conditions of Life (Rounds):
- Elemental Realm I
One calls this lowest condition of life the first elementary realm. It is an experience of substance in its original quality. The substance comes into excitement and movement in the most different directions. And its self-experience of this mobility is, as the first condition of life, the first elementary realm.
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The Seven Condition of Life (Rounds):
- Elemental Realm II
The second stage is reached when rhythm and harmony emerge from these movements. The corresponding stage of life is the inner awareness of rhythm as sound. This is the second elemental realm.
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The Seven Conditions of Life (Rounds):
- Elemental Realm III
The third stage is formed in that the movements transform themselves into images. Then the soul lives in itself as in a world of forming and dissolving images. This is the third elemental realm.
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The Seven Conditions of Life (Rounds):
- Mineral Kingdom
In the fourth stage, the images take on fixed forms; individualities emerge from the panorama of change. Thus, it can no longer be experienced only inwardly, but can be perceived outwardly. This realm is the realm of the outer bodies. One must distinguish in this realm between the form it has for the bright daytime consciousness of man and the form it experiences in itself. The body actually experiences in itself its form, that is, the substance forming itself in regular forms.
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The Seven Conditions of Life (Rounds):
- Plant Kingdom
At the next level, this mere experience of form is overcome. The experience of the change of form occurs in its place. The form forms itself and transforms itself. One can say that at this stage the third elemental kingdom appears in a higher form. In the third elemental kingdom, the movement from form to form can only be experienced as an image; in this fifth kingdom, the image passes over to solidification in the external object, but this external object does not die into the form but retains its ability to change. This realm is of growing and reproducing bodies. And its transformability appears precisely in growth and reproduction.
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The Seven Conditions of Life (Rounds):
- Animal Kingdom
In the next realm, the ability to experience the outer in its effect on the inner is added. It is the realm of the sentient beings.
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The Seven Conditions of Life (Rounds):
- Human Kingdom
The last realm that comes into consideration is the one that not only experiences the effect of external things, but also experiences their interior. This is the realm of compassionate beings.
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When the sun, the earth and the moon still formed one body, the human body on this planet was formed of a substance which had an air-like condition. Apart from the human bodies, only the descendants of the human animals of the moon were present with a body in a fluid state. The solid state was reached by the offspring of those lunar beings who lived there as plant-minerals. Apart from the fluid human beings there were also animal-plant-like beings in this [time], which had developed from the plant-animals of the moon. But while the former had a more watery appearance, there existed the animal-plant-like creatures forming a dense, pulpy mass, which, when it became coarse, approached the substance that currently forms the mushrooms.
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Now when the sun drew its matter out of the earth so that the latter had only the moon mass in itself, then all relations on the planet changed. The substance of the human bodies condensed to a fluid substance, which can be compared to the blood of today. The previously fluid beings took on a solid form, and the solid plant-minerals received a completely dense materiality. Before the departure of the sun, the life of the human body was essentially a kind of respiration, a taking in and giving out of air-like matter. After the same, a form of nourishment was taken from the liquid environment. And with this nourishment reproduction was also connected. The viscous human body was fertilized from the reproductive material of its environment and divided under such fertilizing influence. Its development, while the lunar substance was still within the earth, proceeded in such a way that it formed semi-solid parts within its liquid mass, which condensed to cartilaginousness. Solid bone-like limb inclusions he could not form at this time yet, because for this the earth mass was not suitable, as long as it contained the moon in itself. Only with the departure of the moon, when the coarsest materiality was removed, a solid skeletal arrangement arose in the human body. And this was also the time in which the possibility ceased of taking the fertilizing materials from the environment. With the lunar mass, the earth substances also lost the ability to have a fertilizing effect on the human body. Before this, there were not two sexes of the human body. Man was a being of female nature, to which the male entity was in the earth environment itself. The whole earth had a male character.
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This state of consciousness is one degree brighter than the previous one, but it has also lost the breadth of vision. In his present life situation, during deep, dreamless sleep, man has a similar state of consciousness as he once had on the sun. Only the one who is not clairvoyant or not medium cannot perceive the things and beings which corresponded to the solar consciousness. With the trance of a medium who has been tuned down to this state and the higher consciousness of the present clairvoyant, it is again the same as it has been discussed with regard to the Saturn consciousness. - The scope of the sun-consciousness extends only to the sun and the world-bodies which are closely connected with it. Only these and their events can the sun-dweller experience, as - to use again the above parable - the present man experiences his heartbeat. The inhabitant of Saturn has thus participated in the life also of such world bodies, which did not belong directly to the nearest area of Saturn.